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| About the subject of "elevatae sunt" (I paste the whole passage) |
Junya |
09/04/07 |
Again about the subject of "elevatae sunt".
Et sic in eis est virtus, id est in quantum elevatae sunt a materia, et rationi obediunt.
My translation.
"In that they(=irascibilis and concuscibilis) are loftier than material beings, and that they obey reason, there is virtue in them(=irascibilis and concuscibilis)."
* I translate "elevatae" by the meaning, as "loftier". It means literally "lifted", "raised" or so on. Literally it would mean "lifted from the material stage of being".
My initial question was,
"the subject of "elevatae sunt" must be "irascibilis and concuscibilis", but why they are not "irascibile and concuscibile"(neuter) and "elevata sunt"(neuter)? For I think substantive use of adjective must be in neuter."
Here is the whole passage. I am afraid it causes a big labor to you if I have you read the whole thing. I'm sorry for you. You won't like such a big labor! I'm sorry.
in formis invenitur quidam gradus.
"There are stages among forms."
Sunt enim quaedam formae et virtutes totaliter ad materiam depressae,
"Some forms and virtues are totally degraded to the material stage."
quarum omnis actio materialis est; ut patet in formis elementaribus.
"The action of such forms and virtues is materially exercised. It is evident in lower forms."
Intellectus vero est totaliter a materia liber;
"Intellect is totally free from material. separate from material.
unde et eius operatio est absque corporis communione.
"The operation of intellect is exercised without a cooperation with body(=material).
Irascibilis autem et concupiscibilis medio modo se habent.
"Irascibility and concuscibility(=passion) is midway between such (=between totally material and totally free from material).
Quod enim organo corporali utantur, ostendit corporalis transmutatio, quae earum actibus adiungitur;
"To use the bodily organ is to give a transformation on body.
This transformation is given by the act of them(=irascibility and concuscibility=passion)."
(*Irascibility and concuscibility is, unlike the intellect, not free from body. They move with the body, in the body.)
quod iterum sint aliquo modo a materia elevatae, ostenditur per hoc quod per imperium moventur et quod obediunt rationi.
"On the other hand, that they(=irascibility and concuscibility=passion) are loftier than material being indicates that they are moved by an order(=order from the reason) and that they obey the reason.
Et sic in eis est virtus, id est in quantum elevatae sunt a materia, et rationi obediunt.
"So there is a virtue in them(=irascibilis and concuscibilis), in that they are loftier than material being and they obey the reason."
Now you see the subject of "elevatae sunt" is irascibilis and concuscibilis, and that irascibilis and concuscibilis are used substantively in feminine form. Then, I wonder if substantive use of adjective can be in other form than neauter, namely, in masculine or feminine form?
I'm sorry to make you labor. You certainly don't like me to post a long question like this and to paste a long passage like this from now on, do you? |
Clarification/Follow-up by lean179 on 09/06/07 4:24 am:
Hello,
since I am not satisfied with both 'interpretations', yours and mine as well, could you kindly give me the title of the work by Thomas Aquinas, the passage was taken from?
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